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Why You Should Have a Declaration of Trust When Buying A Property With Your Partner

Buying a property with your partner is an exciting step, but for unmarried couples it also carries legal risks that are often misunderstood.

Unlike married couples or civil partners, unmarried buyers in England and Wales do not have automatic rights if the relationship later ends. A Declaration of Trust is one of the most effective ways to protect both parties from uncertainty and disputes.

A Declaration of Trust is a legally binding document that sets out who owns what share of the property. It can record key details such as how much each person contributed to the deposit, how the mortgage payments are shared, and whether one party should be repaid specific sums, for example for renovations or lump‑sum contributions.

Crucially, it reflects what you actually agreed, rather than leaving matters open to interpretation.

Many couples assume that living together creates “common law” rights. This is a myth.

If a relationship breaks down, the court will focus on legal ownership, what you agreed either at the time or during the relationship and evidence of contributions.

Without a Declaration of Trust, disagreements can arise over whether ownership is equal, who gets the deposit back, or what happens if one partner wants to sell and the other does not.

A Declaration of Trust is especially important where contributions are unequal—for example, where one partner pays a larger deposit or receives help from family. Without a written agreement, those contributions may not be properly protected.

Rather than undermining trust, a Declaration of Trust encourages open discussion about finances and expectations. It provides clarity, reduces the risk of costly disputes, and offers peace of mind. For unmarried couples buying property together, it is not pessimistic—it is simply sensible planning.

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This article: Created by AI and checked by a qualified solicitor.

Secure Your Business’ Future with a Tailored Shareholders’ Agreement

Shareholders’ Agreement

Although a shareholder agreement is not a legal requirement in the UK, having one in place offers significant commercial and legal advantages for businesses with more than one shareholder. A well-drafted shareholder agreement clearly sets out the rights, responsibilities, and obligations of each shareholder, helping to prevent disputes, protect investments, and ensure alignment with the company’s long-term objectives. For a more detailed overview of the risks of operating without one, you may also find our article on Why it’s important for business owners to have a Shareholder Agreement… – Lawson West helpful. At Lawson West Solicitors, we specialise in creating customised shareholders’ agreement that cater to the unique needs of your business.

What is a Shareholders’ Agreement?

A shareholders’ agreement is a private contract between the shareholders of a company; unlike articles of association it will remain confidential. It covers various aspects of the business, including how the company is run, how decisions are made, and what happens if disputes arise. Unlike the company’s articles of association, which are public, a shareholders’ agreement is a private document that offers more detailed and personalised governance rules.

Why You Need a Shareholders’ Agreement

A shareholders’ agreement is essential for any business with more than one shareholder, regardless of the size of the company. It helps:

  • Clarifies Governance and Control: Defines how the company is managed, including decision-making thresholds and reserved matters. This reduces uncertainty and avoids disputes over control.
  • Prevent Disputes: Clearly sets out shareholder rights and obligations, minimising misunderstandings. It also includes dispute resolution and deadlock provisions to avoid costly litigation.
  • Regulates Share Transfers: Establishes when and how shares may be transferred, including pre-emption rights. This prevents unwanted third parties from becoming shareholders.
  • Decision-Making Processes: Sets out voting rights, quorum requirements, and veto powers for key business decisions. This ensures decisions are made transparently and efficiently.
  • Clarifies Shareholder Rights and Obligations: Specifies the roles, responsibilities, and expectations of each shareholder. This promotes fairness and effective management of the company.
  • Protect Minority Shareholders: Provides contractual protections such as enhanced information rights and veto provisions. This reduces the risk of unfair prejudice.
  • Offers Flexibility Beyond the Articles of Association: Unlike articles of association, shareholders’ agreement can be easily tailored. This allows shareholders to reflect commercial realities and individual preferences.
  • Ensure Business Continuity and Exit Planning: Addresses death, incapacity, or exit of a shareholder. It provides clear mechanisms for share transfers, buy-outs, and succession planning.
  • Manages Exits and Liquidity Events: Includes drag-along, tag-along, and exit provisions. This ensures an orderly and predictable sale of the company or shareholder interests.
  • Attract Investors: Demonstrates strong corporate governance and reduced risk. Investors often expect a comprehensive shareholders’ agreement to be in place.
  • Determine Dividend Policies: Sets out how profits are distributed among shareholders. This ensures transparency and manages expectations.
  • Protects the Business: Includes confidentiality, non-compete, and restrictive covenants. These provisions protect sensitive information and prevent competitive harm.

Why Choose Lawson West Solicitors?

At Lawson West Solicitors, we understand that every business is unique, and so are its shareholders. Our team of experienced corporate solicitors is dedicated to crafting a bespoke shareholders’ agreement that reflect your business’s specific needs and objectives.

  • Tailored Solutions: We work closely with you to understand your business’s goals and the dynamics among shareholders, ensuring that the agreement is customised to your situation.
  • Expert Legal Advice: Our solicitors have extensive experience in corporate law, providing you with the legal expertise needed to draft a comprehensive and enforceable agreement.
  • Ongoing Support: We offer continued legal support as your business grows and evolves, helping you to update a shareholders’ agreement as necessary to reflect changes in the business or ownership structure.
  • Conflict Resolution: In the event of a shareholder dispute, we provide expert legal advice and representation to help resolve the issue in a way that protects your interests and the business.

Contact Us

Protect your business and its shareholders with a professionally drafted shareholders’ agreement. Contact Lawson West Solicitors today to discuss how we can help you create an agreement that safeguards your business’s future.

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